The World Cotton Research Conference-6 was held in conjunction with the 2016 Biennial Conference of the International Cotton Genome Initiative (ICGI) in Goiânia - Goiás, Brazil from May 2-6, 2016. Four hundred and seventy one researchers from 40 countries and five international organizations attended the Conference. The Cotton Growers Association of Goiás-AGOPA served as the primary host. ICAC takes pride in the organization of the world cotton research conferences, which are held every four and half years. The ICAC Secretariat coordinated international sponsorships and worked with the Organizing Committee, Program Committee, International Cotton Researchers Association (ICRA) and leadership of the ICGI to shape a successful conference and to make sure that a clear understanding existed at all times among various organizers of the WCRC-6. For the first time the Conference was held under the auspices of ICRA, whose chairman headed the International Committee that selected keynote and plenary speakers. The program included two keynote speakers and eight plenary speakers with 28 specialized concurrent sessions.